Glosa 1000 Words with Explanations

(Last update 2026-01-23)

If you cannot find a word in this list, you really do not need another word. For instance, there is no word for "desk" in this list. Oh, no! Is the language deficient? Is there some kind of limbo here?

Instead of inventing or adding a new word, just say what the word means. What is a desk? A piece of furniture you write on. Therefore grafo-mo, "write-furniture," is the word for "desk." 

Sometimes an entire phrase may be necessary to state what you mean. "Department store" can be expressed as u mega boteka ko poli difere ra. That is just the way it goes with a language with a small vocabulary! After you say it like this once, you can usually say u boteka, and people will know what you mean.

You need to get out of the habit of thinking that one meaning (MY meaning, which is better than anyone else's meaning) should have one word. In all languages the meaning of words varies.

The first step in learning Glosa 1000 is getting this vocabulary memorized. Worry about grammar later. Vocabulary conveys meaning much better than grammar.

For the names of additional animals and plants use the taxonomical family or genus names, which can be found in many dictionaries; the word roots that end in -i are most often used.

a (ad) - to, towards

Ad is used before words that begin with the five vowels and the letter H.

Signifi: U ra gene ma e ma proxi.

Kontra verba: ab

ab - away from

Ab refers to motion that is simply away from an object. If the motion comes from the inside to the outside of the object, use ex.

Signifi: U ra gene ma e ma tele.

Kontra verba: ad

acide - accident, (sudden) event, failure, phenomenon, surprise

Acide as opposed to okasio. Acide refers to the onset or the suddenness of an event. It often has a negative meaning. Okasio refers more to the result of an event - an opportunity -and is more likely to have a positive meaning.

Signifi: U subito kron, u non-ge-atende ra.

adora - adore, praise, worship

Signifi: Dice plu boni alo sti-hedo ra de homi.

aero - air, atmosphere

Signifi: U klari ra peri vi, u materia; u venti moti.

aero bola - bubble

aero glisa - gliding through the air

aero-piano - organ

aero salta-me - parachute

es in aero - float

ki in aero - fly

agri - farm, field

Signifi: Un area pro kulti de planta alo dama zoa.

agrio - wild

Signifi: No-dama, u ra; qi akti akorda fisika.

Kontra verba: dama

akidi - acid, bitter, sour

Signifi: Id habe u mali gusto alo odoro, u kemi; qi reakti noku a difere materia.

akorda - according to, agreement, consent, harmony

Signifi: u ra habe u boni reakti alelo ko difere ra

akro - point, tip, top

Signifi: un aku fini de ra, u maxi alti fini de ra.

akti V - act, do, perform 

If you are using verboids, akti is the easy way to make a verb out of any other word. Akti salta means "jump (do a jump)", akti viagia "take a trip." Akti can be used as any basic verb. U venti akti means "the wind blows," un heli akti "the sun shines," etc. (See the article on verboids on this site for more information.)

aktivi - active, busy, enthusiasm, exciting

Signifi: id habe vigi alo sti industri.

Kontra verba: neutra

aku - nail, needle, pin, screw

Signifi: u mikro baci ko un akuto fini; qi akti ad-in alo per u difere ra.

fi aku - needle (sew needle)

helika aku - screw (spin screw)

malea aku - nail (hammer nail)

akuto - sharp

Signifi: id habe u fo-steno fini alo margina; qi pote face seka alo fora.

alegro (music) + - cheerful

Signifi: id habe un humoro; qi dona hedo a plu homi.

Kontra verba: tristi

alelo - each other, mutual, together

Signifi: u ra ko difere.

alelo akorda - treaty

algo - ache, pain

Signifi: u sensi de noku alo vulne alo pato.

ali - any

Signifi: posi u ra ex poli difere ra.

alkoholi - alcohol

Signifi: u kemi; qi pote dona narko a homi (id habe plu difere uti in kemi-logi).

alo - alternative, or

Signifi: mo ra, posi u difere ra.

alti - high, tall, level (height), floor (of building)

Signifi: ad urani, no-profunda.

Kontra verba: profunda 

ami(ko) - friend

Signifi: un homi; de qi vi este amo, e a qi vi dona hedo alo auxi.

amo - like, love

Signifi: un este de resista tira a ra alo homi.

Kontra verba: odio

amigda - almond

Signifi: u speci de nuki.

amila i - starch

Signifi: u materia; qi es dona a difere materia, te face id ma rigi alo densi.

amorfo - lump, shapeless

Signifi: id habe nuli norma alo ge-krati forma.

an - he, male

Signifi: id habe sensi de un andro.

anati i - duck

Signifi: u mikro aqa avi.

andro (an-) - man

The short form an used as a separate word means "he." 

Signifi: un an-homi.

Kontra verba: gina

anseri - goose

Signifi: u mega aqa avi.

ante - before, in front of 

Ante is used to describe location. To describe time, use pre.

Signifi: lo facia de ra.

Kontra verba: po(ste)

anti - against, although, but

Anti should not be confused with kontra, which means "opposite." 

Signifi: id volu noku alo destru de ra

anua - year, annual 

Signifi: u tem; tem qi u Geo face un holo ciklo peri heli, 365 alo 366 di.

anxio - anxious, worry

Signifi: un este de no-paci alo dubi aktivi.

aperi - open

Signifi: libe de ki in e ex alo de vide in e ex.

Kontra verba: klude

api - bee

Signifi: u xanto-e-melano insekti kon aku ko toxi.

apo V - remove, take away

Signifi: akti; u ra gene a loka ab difere loka.

Kontra verba: dona

ara i - plow

Signifi: un instrumenta; qi moti infra tera a supra pro kulti de plu planta.

aqa - water, wet

Signifi: u fluidi; de qi panto bio-ra habe nece.

Kontra verba: sika

area - area, region

Signifi: u loka ko margina.

arena - sand

Signifi: plu mikro lito grana.

argenti - silver

Signifi: u fo-valu metali ko leuko splendi.

arki - control

Signifi: un aktivi; qi dona ordina de plu ra alo natio.

arme - army

Signifi: u grega ex plu homi pro milita.

aroga - arrogant, boast, proud

Signifi: u sensi de habe ma boni de plu difere homi.

arti - art

Signifi: un aktivi de kali qalita.

artri - joint

Signifi: u gono de soma; qi pote akti tropi.

asilu - asylum, harbor, safe place

Asilu refers to a place. "Safe" or "safety" is generally translated by imuni.

asini - donkey

Signifi: u mega dama zoa; ge-uti pro moti alo tira de plu kargo.

astro - star

Signifi: u mikro foto in noktu urani.

atende - delay, expect, wait (for)

Signifi: habe u tem; pre qi u ra gene acide.

atri - hall, hallway 

As in English, atri refers to both a hallway of a building or something like a large lecture hall.

Signifi: u kamera; qi es inter plu plus kamera.

audaci + (music) / no-fobo - daring

Signifi: akti u neo ra kon hedo.

audi V - hear, listen

Signifi: gene logi per oti.

aureo i - gold

Ashby had kriso from Greek for "gold"; since aureo (Au) is derived from science, it is to be preferred.

auto - (own) self

Auto should not be confused with se, which is a pronoun. Auto emphasizes that something or someone owns or has done something by its own ability.

Signifi: u ra habe alo akti u ra solo per un habe alo pote de se.

auto-arki - self-control

auto-histori - autobiography

auto-krati - autocracy

auto-kredi - self-confidence

auto-kritici - conscience

auto-tende - ambitious

auxi - assist, auxiliary, help

Signifi: id dona plu aktivi a ra, te face ma boni id.

avi - bird

Signifi: u zoa ko bi ptero

axi i - axle

Signifi: u baci; peri qi plu rota alo difere mekani-ra akti helika.

baci - stick, pole, post

Signifi: u sklero, steno mero ex dendro-ma alo difere materia.

Kontra verba: bloka

auxi-baci - cane, crutch

baci-reti - basket

baia - bay, gulf

Signifi: u loka ex aqa kon aperi-lo a mari.

bali V - excrete, launch, send, throw, vomit

Signifi: face; u ra ki per aero alo aqa alo difere materia a difere loka.

Kontra verba: gene

balkoni i - balcony 

Signifi: un aperi kamera; ge-fixa ad-in alo extra domi.

baluna + - balloon 

Signifi: u ra freqe ko bola forma; qi habe aero alo gasi in id, pro kine alo sta in aero.

banana - banana

Signifi: u xanto, kurva frukti.

banka - bank (financial)

Signifi: u domi alo organi; qi tena valuta pro plu homi pro gene plu profito pro se.

basi - base, basic, basis, evidence, foundation 

Signifi: u ra; epi qi plu seqe ra habe struktura alo veri alo importa.

Kontra verba: alti, akro

bate - hit, impact, strike

Signifi: moti tako u ra anti difere ra.

betona - concrete

Signifi: u glu materia ex arena e lito; qi habe sklero qalita tem sika.

bi - two

Signifi: mo plus mo, u numera inter mo e tri.

bibe - drink, beverage

Signifi: u materia ex liqi; un homi alo zoa gene in se pro sani alo hedo.

bibli - book

Signifi: u ra; ge-face ex papira e tinta, e ge-face sistema pro lekto. U bibli posi es u homo elektro ra.

bileta - card, label, ticket

Signifi: u mikro papira; qi habe plu brevi info epi id, e plu-kron habe lice pro kine ad-in loka.

bio - life

Signifi: u dina in plu homi, zoa e planta de habe vigi e pote de moti alo puta alo reakti.

Kontra verba: morta

bira - beer

Signifi: un alkoholi bibe freqe ex tritika.

blada - blade, knife, scissors 

Signifi: un instrumenta ko akuto margina pro seka.

bi-blada-ru - scissors

blasto - bud

Signifi: u proto kresce-ra epi planta; qi freqe gene muta a flori.

bloka - block, brick

Signifi: u ra; freqe homo kubi, e qi pote facili gene loka epi plu difere homo ra.

bola - ball

Signifi: u ciklo prisma.

bomba - bomb

Signifi: un instrumenta ex plu materia; qi dona explode kron ge-sti.

boni - good

Signifi: u qalita de sani alo hedo.

Kontra verba: mali

boteka (-bo) - shop, store

Signifi: u domi alo loka; lo qi plu homi pote akti merka e vendo de plu ra.

botilia - bottle

Signifi: u tena-ru; freqe ex vitri alo plastika e freqe pro tena de plu liqi.

bovi - beef, bull, cattle, cow, ox

Signifi: u mega zoa ko bi kerati; freqe ge-kulti pro lakti e karni, plu-kron pro tira plu vagona.

an-bovi - bull

bovi-karni - beef

braki - arm

Signifi: u soma mero inter manu e skapa.

braki-artri - elbow

brevi - short

Notes: Brevi should not be used for time as it is in other European languages. "A short time" should be translated as "a small time," u mikro tem.

Signifi: ko mikro longi-metri.

Kontra verba: longi

brio i - moss

Signifi: plu mikro freqe-kloro planta; qi es lo aqa tera.

bronto - thunder, cough, sneeze

Signifi: u subito fisika mega soni; freqe kon urani piro.

brosa - broom, brush

Signifi: un instrumenta ko poli kapila; ge uti pro apo farina alo no-puri-ma.

bruno - brown

Signifi: u kroma; freqe ge-gene kausa tera-ma alo tro freqe heli termo.

buka - cheek

Signifi: u moli soma mero lo latu de facia e para stoma.

bulbo - bulb

Signifi: u ra ko bola forma ko ma steno fini; freqe plu mega sperma alo elektro lampa mero.

buleta - bullet 

Signifi: u mikro misili alo bali-ra de fusili.

buli - boil, bubble 

Signifi: sti termo aqa alo difere liqi, a-kron id habe plu aero-bola in se.

buro - office (institution)

Signifi: u domi alo kamera; in qi id es u/plu cefa e ergo-pe de un organi kon info.

bus - bus

Signifi: u mega vagona; ge-face pro moti plu homi ab mo a difere loka.

butiri - butter

Signifi: u semi-liqi e semi-sklero vora-ra; ge-face ex lakti. U materia ko plu qalita de u-ci ra.

butona - button 

Signifi: u mikro instrumenta; freqe in faski ko plu homo instrumenta e ge-sti per digi, e qi habe funktio pro akti mo ergo; plu-kron pro sti klude plu vesti.carta - chart, map, table (chart)

carta - chart, map, table (chart)

Signifi: U papira ko plu stria e verba e pikto akorda ordina e sistema.

cefa - chief, leader, lord

Signifi: U kefa homi de homi-grega.

Kontra verba: dulo

celu - cell

Signifi: U mikro unita de bio-ma. U mikro kamera; freqe pro puni.

centi - hundredth, percent

Signifi: 1/100

Kontra verba: hekto (100)

centra - center, dot, focus, point (place)

Signifi: U mikro topo to meso de loka.

nordi centra - North Pole

cepa - onion

Signifi: U fo-gusta kloro e leuko vegeta; qi kulti se proxi alo infra tera.

cerebra i - brain

Signifi: In-kefa. U soma organi; qi face puta e arki de soma.

cerka - look for, search

Signifi: Tenta de detekti.

certa - a certain ...

Signifi: dice; es u veri ra, anti ne dona u nomina alo plu plus idio ra de u-ci ra.

certifi i - certificate, certified

Signifi: U papira; qi dice un akti habe ple ko sura.

cervi i - deer

Signifi: U tako zoa lo dendro-fa; plu an-zoa de qi habe bi kerati.

ceru - wax

Signifi: U semi-sklero, semi-moli materia; homo qi plu api face pro sukro-ma de se.

ci - here

Signifi: U loka; proxi qi tu alo difere ge-dice ra es.

Kontra verba: la

ciano - blue

Signifi: U kroma de foto urani.

cide - kill, murder

Signifi: Apo bio ab difere bio-ra, idio ab homi.

cigara i - cigar

Signifi: U mega kilindra ko nikotini; un homi pote fumi.

cigareta - cigarette 

Signifi: U mikro kilindra ko nokotini; un homi pote fumi.

cigni i - swan

Signifi: U mega anseri; ge-ski kausa kali de id.

ciklo - circle, cycle

Signifi: U forma; ge-face per habe u eqa tele ab meso centra.

citra i - lemon

Signifi: Un akidi, xanto frukti de plu termo Geo loka.

civi - citizen

Signifi: Un homi; qi habe eko lo civita alo natio.

civita - city

Signifi: Un area; ge-ple per poli domi e eko-pe.

co (-co) - "the just said" 

Signifi: U-ci frase dice de pre frase.

cokolata - chocolate

Signifi: U bruno vora-ma; freqe ko poli sukro e ge-face ex homo-faba sperma ex u certa dendro.

daktila - date (fruit)

Signifi - u longi frukti, homo suku-frukti, e mega sukro.

dama - tame

Signifi: Non-agrio. Plu zoa; qi este more proxi plu homi.

de - about, of

Note: De does not mean "of" in the sense of possession; the meaning leans more to "about." U bibli de poesi-pe can mean "a book about the poet" or "the poet's book." The poet's possession of the book is unambiguously u bibli; u poesi-pe habe. "A book by the poet" is u bibli ex poesi-pe.

Signifi: Habe u ra homo tema de se.

debi A - debt, have to, must

Signifi: U nece de dona valuta alo ergo a pe.

debili - weak

Signifi: No-resista. Habe ze-sati resista alo sani tende akti ergo.

Kontra verba: resista

decide - decision, judgment

Signifi: Gene mo idea ex seri ex plu posi idea.

decimali + - decimal

Signifi: Plu numera; ge-basi de numera deka.

defekti - defect

Signifi: Habe u noku alo ero; qi sti; u ra alo homi ne pote akti per sati.

Kontra verba: perfekti

deka - ten

Signifi: U suma numera de panto digi de bi manu. U numera inter nona e mo-mo.

deklara - announcement, declaration

Signifi: Dice publika per sura; freqe per grafo epi papira. 

demo - people (ethnic group), tribe

Signifi: U grega ex plu homi; qi es ex mo natio alo more.

dendro - tree, bush

Signifi: U mega, dura planta; qi habe boni uti tende face plu domi.

densi - dense, thick

Note: Densi refers to density or solidness. "Thick" in the sense of "fat" is paki.

Signifi: U metri de sklero qalita. Materia; plu grana alo difere ra de qi habe forti proxi ad alelo.

Kontra verba: tenu

denti - teeth, tooth

Signifi: Plu akuto leuko ra; homo osteo e qi es in stoma.

derma - skin

Signifi: U bio tegu; qi es epi plu soma de plu homi, zoa e plus bio-ra.

deserta i - desert, wilderness

Signifi: U fisika agrio loka de Geo minus homi.

desira - desire, lust

Signifi: U forti volu.

destru - destruction

Signifi: Akti anti u ra, a-kron id habe nuli funktio.

Kontra verba: face

detekti V - find

Signifi: Gene skience de loka de ra.

Kontra verba: lose

dextro - right (hand)

Signifi: A latu de manu; qi habe duce uti pro mega numera ex panto homi.

Kontra verba: levo

di - day

Signifi: U tem; u Geo akti mo gira. U tem; un heli es in urani.

Kontra verba: noktu

dice V - say, talk, tell, write

Signifi: Dona un idea a difere homi per sistema ex plu soni alo grafo-ra.

dice elekti - vote

dice ad alelo - communicate

dice de - describe

dice expekta - forecast, predict

dice forti - accent, emphasize, stress

dice-logi - grammar

dice no - deny

dice odio - curse

dice signifi - explain, translate

ge-dice: alleged, rumored

difere - different 

Signifi: Non-homo, u plus ra alo homi.

Kontra verba: homo, iso

difusi - difuse, spread

Signifi: Face u materia latu.

digi - finger, indicate, point (indicate), toe

Signifi: U longi flexi mero de manu alo pedi.

diluti i - dilute

Signifi: Face materia mei forti, freqe per dona aqa ad id.

Kontra verba: forti

dina - force, might, power

Signifi: Resista pro ergo alo destru.

Kontra verba: debili

per dina - by force, forced (to)

diptera - fly (insect)

Signifi: U komuni insekti ko bi ptero; qi face plu "buz" soni, e habe amo de sapro e mali odoro.

direkti - direct, steer

Signifi - Face; u ra alo homi ki alo face tropi akorda skema.

disipa - waste, trash

Signifi: Plu no-ge-volu ra; qi habe resta po vora alo ergo.

Kontra verba: funktio

disko - disk, plate

Signifi: U plati ra ko ciklo forma.

disputa - argument, discussion, dispute

Signifi: Dice de plu ra, tende gene solve de problema.

divide (mathematics) - division

Signifi: U sistema mode de face plu mero ex un holo numera alo difere ra.

Kontra verba: unio

divina - bet, guess

Signifi: Dice uno-ra ko spe; id es korekti ra.

domi (-do) - building, home, house

Signifi: U ge-face ra, tende tena imuni plu homi, zoa alo difere ra.

dona V - give

Signifi: Pe moti ra a difere pe.

Kontra verba: apo

dorsa - back (anatomy)

Signifi: U mero de soma alo difere ra; qi es po ante mero.

Kontra verba: facia

drama - drama

Signifi: U vista tekno; per qi plu homi feno es plu difere homi de histori.

dromo - run

Signifi: Kine forti tako.

Kontra verba: gradu

du - (shows continuing action, made from dura)

dubi - doubt

Signifi: Habe nuli spe. Este; u ra habe falsi.

Kontra verba: spe, veri

duce - lead

Signifi: Sti; plu homi alo zoa ki alo akti akorda skema de pe.

Kontra verba: seqe

dulo - slave

Signifi: Un homi; qi nece ergo per dina.

Kontra verba: cefa

dura A - continuing, durable, lasting

Signifi: Akti alo es freqe, kron po kron.

e - and

Signifi: Plus, plus u difere ra.

Kontra verba: minus

eko - dwelling, inhabit, live (reside), reside

Signifi: Habe bio-tem lo domi, natio alo difere loka.

elasti - spring (mechanism)

Signifi: Un instrumenta; qi, po gene flexi, akti re-kine a proto forma, e habe uti in poli mekani.

elefa - elephant

Signifi: U maxi mega tera zoa ko longi nasa.

elekti - choice, elect, select, vote

Signifi: Este ma hedo de mo ra ex poli ra.

electro - electricity

Signifi: U resista dina; qi pote sti piro-noku a plu bio-ra, anti face ergo per poli neo-tem makina

epi - on

Signifi: Es lo facia, latu alo idio lo akro de ra.

eqa - equal, equality 

Signifi: Habe iso stato ko panto homo ra.

eqi - horse

Signifi: U mega komuni dama zoa; qi pote tira plu kargo-ra, alo epi qi plu homi pote sedi.

ergo - labor, work

Signifi: Un akti; face per plu homi, tende sti funktio u tem; speci, gene valuta tende tena sani alo bio-tem.

ero - error, mistake, wrong

Signifi: Un akti; qi habe u mali seqe.

Kontra verba: Korekti

es V - be

Notes: Think of es like "=". To say Mi es frigi does not mean "I am cold" but "I am (equal to) coldness." "I am cold" is best stated as Mi habe frigi, "I have coldness." On the other hand, Mi es pani-pe, "I am (equal to) a baker" has the same usage as in English. Es is also used for position. "I am (I) in Alaska" translates Mi es (mi) lo Alaska.

Signifi: U stato; in qi u ra habe eqa a difere ra.

espio - espionage, spy

Signifi: U falsi-pe; qi dice pe es un ami, tem gene plu info veri pro non-ami de tu.

est(i) - east

Note: All Glosa words (with the exception of an and ex) should end in a vowel. Hogben did propose the word nordi, and so I propose esti.

Signifi: U loka; lo qi un heli du gene leva.

Kontra verba: ocide

este V - believe, feel (both physically and mentally), have an opinion

Signifi: Gene logi de ra per palpa alo per puta.

etio - blame, guilt, shame

Signifi: U mali este; pe gene, po akti mali ra.

ex - by (with people), drawn from, out of

Notes: In Glosa we understand that something a person creates comes from somewhere inside of him, therefore u bibli ex Shakespeare means "a book by Shakespeare." Ex is also used with groups; mo ex tri persona means "one out of three people." Ex also shows composition: un instrumenta ex dendro-ma, "a tool made out of wood."

Signifi: Es in domi alo difere ra, po-kron ki ad extra.

exakti - exact

Signifi: To numera, kron alo loka minus ero.

Kontra verba: ero

examina - examine, experiment, test

Signifi: Tenta gene logi de homi alo ra per skope alo metri.

exempla - draft copy, example

Signifi: Mo ra ex poli ra; qi dona homo qalita de plu plus ra.

exklude - exclude

Signifi: Tena u ra alo homi ex grega.

expekta - expect, wait for 

Signifi: Atende kon este; u ra alo homi fu ki a loka minus dubi.

explode - explosion, loud noise

Signifi: U subito difusi ex foto e piro ko mega soni.

extra - outside (of)

Signifi: U loka; qi ne es in domi alo difere ra.

Kontra verba: in

faba - bean

Signifi: U mikro, densi vegeta.

face V - build, do, generate, make, manufacture, produce 

Signifi: Akti ergo, idio tende akti produce de ra.

Kontra verba: destru

face-do - factory

face-me - generator

face farina/pulve - grind

face faski - collect, gather

face makula - mark

face neo/proto - invent

face speci - copy

facia - face, surface 

Signifi: U plati ante alo latu de ra, idio de ante de kefa.

Kontra verba: dorsa, infra mero

facili - easy

Signifi: Habe simpli alo no-komplexi ergo.

Kontra verba: komplexi

faktu - fact

Signifi: U mero ex info; qi habe veri.

Kontra verba: ero, falsi

falsi - false, lie (untruth)

Signifi: Ne habe veri. Habe ero info.

Kontra verba: veri

famili - family

Signifi: U grega ex bi parenta e fili alo difere tali relatio.

famo - famous, well-known

Signifi: Habe histori; de qi poli homi este logi.

farina - dust, flour, powder

Signifi: Plu fo-mikro fria ex materia alo vora-ma.

faski (-fa) - bunch (of), bundle, collection (of)

Notes: Faski refers to a group of inanimate things, while grega refers to a group of people or animals.

Signifi: U numera de plu ra; ge-moti kon alelo homo mo ra.

fatiga - fatigue, tired

Signifi: Ne este vigi kausa tro mega ergo.

Kontra verba: vigi

fe - she/her

Note: Fe is short for femina; the word gina, however, is generally used for "woman."

Signifi: U vice-verba pro panto gina, alo posi pro fe-zoa.

febri - fever

Signifi: U no-norma termo in soma; ge-kausa per pato.

feli - cat

Note: You may also find the word felis in Glosa dictionaries. Although the real scientifically taxonomic name for "cat" is felis, even Hogben originally used feli. Hogben preferred to use forms of the words that end in -i. Words that end in vowels are easier to pronounce. You may notice that I have returned to Hogben's spelling for other animal names as well.

Signifi: U dama zoa; qi habe famo de kapti de plu mus.

fenestra - window

Signifi: U fora in mura; per qi pe pote vide. Plu fenestra habe freqe vitri in se.

feno A - seem

Note: Feno is only an auxiliary (helper) verb and not a verboid in itself. When using feno with verboids, it is best to say feno es, feno habe, etc. For example, "He seems cold" should be translated An feno habe frigi.

Signifi: Un homi alo ra habe u vista de u certa stato. Anti-co u-ci vista posi alo ne posi habe veri.

feri + - fairy

Signifi: U fikti magika homi, freqe mikro ko plu ptero.

fertili - fertile, fruitful

Signifi: Habe u pote de face plu infanti alo frukti.

feru - iron

Signifi: U forti dura metali; freqe ge-uti pro plu: instrumenta, vagona, domi.

dura fero - steel

feru-via - railroad

feru stria - rail

festa - celebration, feast, holiday, rite

Signifi: Un hedo tem tende tena memo de okasio.

fibri (-fi) - fiber, string, thread

Signifi: U tenu anti resista stria ex materia; ge-uti tende nexu alo fixa plu difere ra.

metali-fi - wire

orna-fi - ribbon

piski-fi - fishing line

plati-fi - tape

reakti-fi - antenna

fici - fig

Signifi: U forti sukro anti sti-mastika frukti ab plu dendro; qi gene kulti lo plu termo loka.

fikti - fiction, imaginary

Signifi: Ne habe veri, anti habe u sti-hedo qalita.

fili - daughter, offspring, son

Signifi: Un infanti ex u certa andro alo gina.

fili-fili - grandchild

filici - fern

Signifi: U planta ko poli mikro folia; qi akti kulti de se proxi plu dendro tera in plu forti umbra loka.

fini - end, finish, last (in position)

Signifi: Lo mo margina de stria alo seri.

fisika - nature, natural, physical

Signifi: Id habe proto alo rura qalita. Id habe nuli stimula per panto homi.

Kontra verba: ge-face

fiska - tax

Signifi: Pe nece dona plus valuta, kron gene ra; qi gene dona a krati.

fisu - crack, fissure, split

Signifi: Noku; ge-kausa per fisika, instrumenta, alo seka-ru; qi sti ra gene divide in se.

fixa - attach, fasten, fix (attach)

Note: Fixa does not mean "repair" as it sometimes does in American English. In that meaning the word is repara.

Signifi: Face ra, te id ne pote ki, anti tena se lo iso loka.

Kontra verba: laxa

fla - blow (wind, air)

Signifi: Aero; qi ki.

flagela - whip

Signifi: U flexi instrumenta; qi dona algo alo fobo a plu zoa alo dulo alo ge-puni-pe.

flexi - bendable, floppy

Signifi: Id ne habe rigi, anti habe moti in se. Id ne pote akti sta.

Kontra verba: rigi

flori - flower

Signifi: U ra; qi gene kulti epi planta pro face plu fili-planta. Plu flori posi habe plu sti-hedo kroma.

flu - flow, liquid

Signifi: Plu liqi; qi ki ad infra.

fluvi - river

Signifi: U fisika via ex aqa; qi ki freqe a mari alo laku.

fobo - fear, frightening

Signifi: Un este de fu-tem risko alo morta.

Kontra verba: imuni

folia - leaf

Signifi: U kulti-ra epi planta alo dendro, freqe kloro; qi akti muta de heli foto a plu nece-ra pro planta.

fonta - fountain, spring (fountain)

Note: Fonta does not mean "source" as it does at times in English. In that sense the word is proto or basi.

Signifi: U loka; ex qi aqa alo difere liqi ki ex tera, alo u ge-face mekani; qi bali aqa.

fora - hole (made, not natural)

Note: Fora implies that the hole was made with a tool. A natural hole is kavita.

Signifi: Un aperi-lo; ge-face per imstrumenta.

forma - form, mold (pattern), shape

Note: A "form" in the sense of a paper you fill out is papira.

Signifi: U skema de vista; qi sti; pe habe logi de id.

Kontra verba: amorfo

formika - ant

Signifi: Un insekti; qi kine epi tera alo plu planta, e qi habe ge-skema grega eko-lo per fosi in plu tali loka.

formula - formula

U seri ex plu materia, numera, alo akti; qi face u certa ra.

forti - intensity, intensive, strong (intensity)

Note: Forti does not mean "strong" in the sense of having muscle or force. It refers to degree of intensity. "Strong tea" has no power to move anything, so the correct translation is forti gusta tea, "very flavorful tea." "Strong" in the "muscle" or "powerful" sense is resista. As a prefix, fo- combines with the meaning of the word after it; for example, forti mega means "very big," fo-mega means "gigantic."

fortuna - fortune, luck

Signifi: U boni okasio, freqe ko poli valuta alo hedo.

fosi - dig

Signifi: Id apo tera-ma alo difere materia tende face fora.

foto - light

Signifi: U ra; qi dona u pote de vista alo klari ad oku.

Kontra verba: skoto

frakti - break, broken

Signifi: Id sti; un holo ra gene divide a plu mero; qi sti; u ra habe vani.

Kontra verba: holo

freqe - frequent, often, usual

Signifi: Un acide alo okasio; qi gene es poli-kron. Norma.

Kontra verba: rari

fria - crumb, piece (broken)

Signifi: U fo-mikro mero ex ra; freqe ge-face per frakti.

frigi - cold

Note: "I am cold" is Mi habe frigi, "I have coldness." The illness "cold" is koriza.

Signifi: Id ne habe termo.

Kontra verba: termo

frika - erase, friction, rub

Signifi: Id moti manu alo difere instrumenta trans-epi ra, tende sti puri alo repara u ra.

frukti - fruit

Signifi: U produce-ra ex plu planta; ge-uti tende face plu neo speci de ra, alo pro vora-ma.

frustra - frustration

Signifi: Un este; u ra habe tro komplexi alo dona ze-solve problema.

fu - future (tense with verbs)

Note: Fu is a shortened form of futuri.

Signifi: Un akti; qi gene acide po nu-tem.

Kontra verba: pa

fugi - escape, flee, run away

Note: "Fly" in the sense of "travel through air" is ki per ptero, "go by wing."

Signifi: Ki per tako alo kripti mode, tende apo se ab risko.

fumi - smoke

Note: Fumi refers to both "burned gas" and to the habit of consuming cigarettes, etc.

Signifi: U gasi; ge dona ex plu ge-piro materia; per qi pe ne pote vide. U more de uti plu fumi-ra iso plu cigareta alo cigara.

funktio - useful

Signifi: Id habe boni uti-pote.

Kontra verba: vani

furka - fork

Signifi: Un instrumenta ko plu fora-ru; qi akti kapti de ge-kuko vora-ma.

fusili - gun

Signifi: Un instrumenta; qi bali tako buleta tende akti cide alo noku a ra.

futuri - future

Signifi: Plu ra; qi gene acide po nu-tem.galina - chicken

galina - chicken

Signifi: U fo-komuni avi; qi ne pote akti ptero, freqe ge-uti ko plu ova iso vora-ma.

game - marriage, spouse

Signifi: Un unio more inter matura andro e gina.

gasi - gas

Signifi: U no-solidi materia homo aero.

gastro - abdomen, belly, stomach

Signifi: U soma organi; qi akti solve de vora-ma; tu gene per gluto, alo u soma area de u-ci organi.

ge - (passive, made from gene)

Notes: The prefix ge- can be attached to any word to make a perfect participle of it. Some examples:

ge-face - done, made

ge-logi - understood

gele - jelly

Notes: Do not confuse gele with geli "frozen, solidified."

Signifi: U semi-solidi-liqi materia, freqe luci.

geli - congeal, frozen, gel, solidify

Notes: Do not confuse geli with gele "jelly."

Signifi: Kron u liqi gene solidi alo semi-solidi stato freqe kausa frigi.

gema - gem, jewel

Notes: For me this word really had the same meaning as blasto, but because I could not find a clear distinction between the words I decided to use blasto as "bud" and gema as "gem." This was most likely the Glosa authors' intention.

Signifi: U mikro kali lito ko mega valu.

gene V - become, eat, gain, get

Notes: Compare gene with its English counterpart "get." The word has a very broad meaning. I believe it was what inspired Hogben to create the verboids. Verboids are not required in Glosa, but if you would like to learn more, see the article about verboids in this blog.

Signifi: Id sti muta de stato. Exempla: Id gene mega. Signifi: Id pre habe mikro, anti nu habe mega.

generali - general, generally

Signifi: Id habe u komuni stato.

geneti - genetic, hereditary

Signifi: U ra; homi alo hetero bio-ra gene ex/per parenta.

gentili - gentle, mild

Signifi: Id akti per mode; qi dona nuli noku.

Kontra verba: sadi 

Geo - earth (planet); world

Notes: Geo refers especially to planet Earth or "the world." "Earth" in the sense of "dirt, soil, opposite of water" is tera. Geo-ma is a synonym of tera.

Signifi: Un heli luna-ra tri.

gina (fe-) - woman

Notes: The suffix and pronoun which means "gina" is fe, taken from the word femina.

Signifi: Un homi non-homo un andro. Plu gina posi es plu fe-parenta, fe-sibi, etc.

Kontra verba: andro 

gipso - chalk, plaster

Notes: Larger Glosa vocabularies may contain the word kreta for "chalk." Originally both were gipso.

Signifi: U leuko materia; qi lase plu leuko stria epi plu facia, e freqe ge-uti tende face plu glabro mura.

gira - gyrate, roll, rotate, spin

Notes: Gira should not be confused with helika. Helika really means "spiral." It gets used with things like screws, propellers, and things that are wrapped around each other. Gira refers to turning or rotation.

Signifi: Id habe ciklo moti.

glabro - smooth

Signifi: U facia de ra minus plu amorfa alo tumo.

Kontra verba: krude

glacia - hail, ice, snow

Notes: In larger Glosa vocabularies nivi is used for "snow." Originally glacia was used.

gladia - sword

Signifi: U milita baci kon akuto margina. 

glandi i - acorn, gland

Notes: The ancient Romans thought that some body glands looked like acorns. I like human touches like this in Glosa.

Signifi: U sklero frukti de dendro qerci. U mikro soma mero kon idio uti.

glena i - socket

Signifi: U mero de artri; qi tena u difere mero.

glisa - glide, slide, slip

Signifi: Id moti trans glabro-lo minus rota alo gradu.

Glosa - Glosa

Notes: Although Glosa originally meant "language" and "tongue," later Glosa authors came to use it especially as the name of the language. Use lingua to mean language or tongue now.

glu - adhesive, glue, stick (to)

Signifi: U materia; freqe u liqi alo geli; qi akti fixa de plu mero kron sika. 

gluko - nice, sweet

Notes: Literally "sweet" as in "containing sugar" is sukro.

Signifi: Un homi alo zoa; qi habe liberali alo sti-hedo qalita. 

gluma i - chaff, husk

Signifi: Un extra mero de plu blasto de grana; qi habe no-facili de vora.

glutea i - buttocks

Signifi: Plu loka po soma e supra bi poda.

 

gluto - greed, swallow

Notes: Another humanism in Glosa - a person who swallows a lot of food is greedy.

Signifi: Id moti plu vora-ma per kola e a gastro. Un homi; qi habe tro desira de valuta e plu valu-ra.

Kontra verba: liberali

gono - angle, cone, corner

Signifi: U steno loka inter bi latu; qi gene unio ab bi difere rekti. 

gra - grass

Note: A shortened form of gramini.

Signifi: Plu steno folia de planta; qi gene kulti proxi tera.

gradu - degree (measurement), step, walk

Signifi: Id kine per moti mo pedi ante difere pedi. Un unita de termo-metri alo de plu gono e ciklo. 

grafo - draw, write

Signifi: Id face plu pikto alo signi per manu kon instrumenta epi papira alo difere plati-lo.

grama - letter

Notes: "Letter" in the sense of "letter of the alphabet" is soni signi "sound symbol."

Signifi: Id face plu verba more epi papira ko tende de bali id ad u certa persona.

grana - grain, particle

Signifi: U maxi mikro mero de ra.

grati - grateful, thankful, thank you, thanks

Notes: Older Glosa vocabularies list this word as gratia. I believe grati was chosen more recently. Not a big difference.

Signifi: U volu de dona boni ad homi; qi pa dona boni a tu.

grega - congregation, flock, group, herd

Notes: Grega is used for groups of living things. Things that are grouped together are described with faski.

Signifi: U certa numera de plu homi alo zoa.

gru - adjustment, fitting, proper

Signifi: Id habe korekti alo habe more uti.

gumi - rubber

Signifi: U mei moli materia; qi akti tena de plu denti, alo u meteria de homo qalita.

gusta - flavor, taste

Signifi: Un este; qi habe logi de plu difere vora-ma.

guta i - drop (of water, etc.)

Signifi: U fo-mikro mero ex aqa alo pluvi alo difere liqi.

habe V - have, own, possess

Signifi: U ra es de mo persona, e ne de plu difere persona.

Kontra verba: lose

harengu - herring

Signifi: U mikro anti poli piski; freqe ge-uti iso vora-ma.

harpa i - harp

Signifi: U musika-ru ko poli fi; ge-tira per plu digi.

hedo A - happy, pleasant, pleasing

Signifi: Id dona boni este in menta.

Kontra verba: tristi

hekto - hundred

Note: All three of the Glosa authors used centi for "hundred." A later proposal, which is more consistent with the use of Latin and Greek word roots in Glosa, is to use the Greek hekto for "hundred" and the Latin centi for "hundredth."

Signifi: Deka deka.

Kontra verba: centi

hekto-anua - century

heli - sun

Signifi: U stela; peri qi Geo ki.

helika - propeller, spiral, twist

Note: Do not confuse helika with gira. Gira refers to things turning in circles, whereas helika refers to things that twist in a circular motion,  such as a spiral. 

Signifi: Id ki per ciklo moti, anti habe strepto in id.

helika-aku - screw

hema - blood

Signifi: U rubi liqi; ge-detekti in plu homi e zoa. 

hepa i - liver

Signifi: U soma organi; qi face hema puri.

histori - history, report, story

Note: Ashby proposed using histori for "history" and stori for "story." To keep the vocabulary small, it would be best to use one or the other and not both.

Signifi: U ge-dice alo ge-grafo dona de okasio.

holo - entire, whole

Signifi: Id habe panto-ra per mo mero, alo habe funktio konditio.

Kontra verba: frakti 

homari i - lobster

Signifi: U mari ostraka zoa; freqe ko bi-digi manu; qi pote tena alo seka.

homi - human, person

Signifi: U maxi sofi ex panto zoa, homo sapiens.

homo - like, similar

Note: Do not confuse homo with iso. Homo refers to something that has similarity, whereas iso refers to something that is exactly like whatever is being compared. This relationship is also found in lo and to.

Signifi: Id habe plu eqa relatio ko difere ra, anti ne panto relatio.

hordea i - barley

Signifi: Plu grana de planta homo tritika, anti de mei boni qalita. 

honora - honor, respect, revere

Signifi: Id habe boni histori; a qi poli homi reakti per grati. 

horizo - horizon, level (with surface of the earth)

Note: Horizo and kumbe mean nearly the same thing. I decided to keep both words with a distinction between the two. 

Signifi: U stria inter Geo e urani. De eqa tele ab facia de Geo. 

horo - hour, o'clock

Note: The Glosa authors regularly used okto horo to mean "eight o'clock"; however this can also mean "eight hours." Using horo okto, "eighth hour" is less ambiguous for "eight o'clock" and is more consistent with other time expressions in Glosa, such as meno okto for "August."

Signifi: 1/24 mero ex di.

horti - garden, park (nature area)

Signifi: Un area, mega alo mikro; freqe ko kulti de plu flori alo difere sti-hedo planta.

hoteli - hotel, inn, motel

Signifi: U mega domi; in qi plu viagia-pe pote gene somni. 

humoro - humor (mood), mood

Signifi: Un este de persona, si hedo alo tristi, alo pato alo sani, e panto tali ra.

id - it

idea - idea, thought 

idio - special 

impedi - delay, impede, hindrance

importa - important

imuni - defend, immune, protect, safe

in - in, inside (of)

indika - indicate, point (to)

industri - hard work, industry

infanti - baby, child, infant 

info - information, message, news

infra - below, under

inklude - contain, contents, include

insekti - bug, insect

instrumenta (-ru) - instrument, tool

insura - insurance 

inter - among, between

intestina - guts, intestine 

investi - clothe, invest 

iridi i - iris (of eye), rainbow 

iso - same, exactly like 

ja - yes

jura - oath, swear

jurnali - magazine, newspaper, periodical

justi - fair, honest, justice, right (justice)

juve (-ju) - young

kade - drop, fall

kafa - coffee 

kafe - cafe

kako - ugly

kali - beautiful, pretty 

kalki - heel

kambio - exchange, in exchange for 

kameli - camel 

kamera (-ka) - chamber, room (of building)

kanabi - hemp, marijuana 

kanali - canal, channel 

kanceri - cancer, crab

kandi - glow

kani - dog

kanta - song

kapila - hair

kapitali + - capital (financial)

kapitula - chapter 

kapri - goat

kapti - capture, catch, trap

karbo - ash, carbon, coal

kardia - heart

kardina - hinge

kargo - cargo, carry, freight 

kari i - shrimp

karni - meat

karpu - wrist

kartona - cardboard, cardboard container 

kasea - cheese

katena - chain

kauda - tail

kauli - stem

kausa (ka) - because (of), cause

kavita - cave, cavern, hole (natural)

kefa - head

kerami - asphalt, clay

kerati - beak, horn

ki (kine V) - go

kilindra i - barrel, cylinder 

kilo - thousand 

kinema - cinema, movie

kisti i - bladder

klari - clear, explanation 

klasi - class

klavi - key

klepto - robbery, sneaky, steal, theft

kli - bed

klina - cliff, slope

kloro - green

klu - also, even(!)

klude - close, closed

ko (kon) - with

koklea i - snail

koko i - coconut

kola - neck, throat

kolea i - sheath

kolekti - collect, gather

koleri - anger

koloni i - colony

kolumni - column, pillar, post

komika - comedy, comic, funny

komisari i - government office, ministry

komiti - committee 

kompani - company

kompara - compare

kompeti - competition, contest, race

komplexi / no-simpli - complex, complicated, difficult 

kompositi - composition, make-up 

komuni - common, community 

koncerto (music) + - concert

koncesi i - lease, rent

kondro i - cartilage 

konfesi - confess, profess

konfusi - confusion 

konifera - conifer, fir tree, pine tree

konsola - consolation, sympathy 

kontinenta - continent 

kontra - opposite (of)

kope - oar

kopro - feces

kopula - copulate, mate

koragi / no-fobo - brave, courage

kore - dance

korekti / non-ero - correct

korina - bat (club), club (stick)

koriza - cold (illness)

korona - crown

kortika i - bark (of tree), cork

kosta - rib

kotona - cotton 

koxa i - hip

krania i - skull

krati - government 

kredi - belief, creed

kredito - credit

kresta i - crest

kriket + - cricket (sport)

krimi - crime

kripti - hidden, puzzling 

kritici - criticism, scold

kroma - color

kron - (one) time, then

kruci - cross, intersection 

kubi - cube

kuko - cook

kukurbi - cucumber, pumpkin, squash 

kulti - cultivate, grow (plants)

kumbe - lie (down)

kumu - heap, pile

kune - wedge 

kupra - copper

kura - care, attention 

kurva - arch, arc, curve

la - there

labia - lip

laboratori laboratory, work shop

lakrima - cry, tear (from eye), weep

lakti - milk

laku - lake

lamina - layer, page, sheet

lampa - candle, lamp, light (lamp)

lana - wool

lancea i - lance, spear

landa (-landa) + - land (Englanda, Deutschlanda)

larva - caterpillar, larva

latu - side

lava - wash

laxa - loose, relaxed 

lega - law

lekto - reading

lenti - glasses, lens

lento / no-tako - slow

lepi i - rabbit

lepido - scale (of skin)

leuko - white

levo - left (hand)

levia / no-densi - light(weight)

liabili - liability, responsible

libe - freedom, rescue, save

liberali - generous, kind (generous)

libra - scale (for weighing)

lice A - allow, let, permit

liga - link, tie

limita - limit

limo - mucous, mud, slime

lina i - flax, linen

lingua - language, tongue 

lipo - fat

liqi - liquid 

lito (-li) - stone (substance)

litra - liter

logi - logic, science, understanding 

loka (-lo) - local, place 

longi - long

lose - loss

luci - transparent 

luna - moon, planet, satellite 

lupi i - wolf

ma(jor) - -er, more

magika - magic 

magneti - magnet 

makina - machine

makula - mark, spot, stain

malea - hammer

mali - bad, evil

mama - breast

mandibula - jaw

manu - hand

margari - pearl

margina - bank (of river), border, coast, edge, margine, shore

mari - sea

marsu - pocket

materia (-ma) - material, stuff, substance 

matina - morning 

matura - adult, mature, ripe

maxi - -est, most

mega - big, great, large, long (of time), very

mei - less

mekani (-me) - device, mechanism 

melano - black

melodi + (music) - melody

memo - memory, remembrance 

meno - month

mensa - counter, table

menta - mental, mind

merge - dive, submerge

merka - buy

mero - member, part

meso - average, middle

metali - metal

meteo - weather, meteorology

metra - meter (metric system)

metri - measure

mi - I/me

mikro - little, small, tiny

miliona - million 

milita - battle, fight, war

mina i - mine (underground)

mini - least

minus - -less, minus, without

minuta - minute 

mira - surprise, wonder, wonderful 

misili - missile (launched by outside power)

mixa - mix, mixture

mo(no) - one

mobili (-mo) - furniture 

mode - means, method, way (means)

moli / no-sklero - soft

monito - advice, warning 

monstra - demonstrate, show

monti - hill, mountain 

morda - bite

more A - custom, habit, used to, usual 

morta - death

moti V - move (by an outside power)

motori + - motor

mu - they/them

mura - barrier, fence, wall

mus - mouse

museu i - museum 

musika - music 

muskula - muscle 

muta - change

na - we/us

nari i - nostril 

narko - drug, drunk, high (on drugs)

nasa - nose, smell (something)

nati - birth

natio - country, nation

navi - boat, ship (any vehicle not on land)

ne - not

nebu(la) - fog

nece A - necessary, need to

nefo - cloud 

nefro i - kidney 

negoti - business, negotiation, trade

neka - drown

nekto - swim

neo - new

nervo - nerve

nesia - island

neutra / no-milita - neutral 

nexu - connection, joined

ni...ni - neither ... nor

nidi - nest

nikotini - tobacco 

niloni - nylon

no- (non-) - opposite of

noktu - night

noku - damage, harm

nomina - name

nona - nine

nord(i) - north

norma - normal

nota - note

nu - now

nudi - nude

nuli - no, none

numera - number 

obstina - obstinate, stubborn 

oceani - ocean

ocide - west

odio - hate

odoro - odor, smell (given off)

ofere - offer

okasio - occasion, opportunity 

oklu i - nut (for bolt)

okto - eight 

oku - eye 

olea - oil

oligo - few

opresi - oppression 

orange - orange (fruit)

ordina - order (rank), rank

organi - organ

organismo + - organism 

oriza - rice

orkestra (music) + - orchestra 

orna - decoration, jewelry, ornament 

orto - orthodox, standing, upright 

oscila - oscillate, swing, wag

oskula - kiss

osteo - bone

ostraka - oyster, shell

oti - ear

ova - egg

ovali i - oval

oxidi - oxidize, rust

oxigena + - oxigen

pa - past, (past tense)

paci - peace

paketa - package, packet 

paki - fat, thick

paleo - ancient, old

palpa - touch

pani - bread 

panto - all, every

papira - paper 

para - next to

paraleli - parallel 

parasito i - parasite

pardo - excuse, forgiveness, pardon

parenta - parent

pasaporta - passport 

pasta - noodles, pasta 

pato - disease, illness, sick

pe - he/she, one (somebody)

pedi - foot

pektina - comb

peleki i - ax

pende - depend on, hang

penite - sorry 

penta - five

pepsi - digestion 

per - by means of, through 

perfekti - complete, perfect

peri - around

permito - permission 

persika i - peach

persona (-pe) - person, personal 

petitio - ask, petition, prayer, request 

petro + - boulder, rock

petrolea i - gasoline, petroleum 

piano - piano

pikto - model, picture, statue 

pina - feather, quill pen

piperi - pepper

pirami i - pyramid 

piri i - pear

piro - burn, fire

piski - fish

pistona i - piston 

pisu - peas

pla - shelf, tray

plaka - cake, layer

plankto - float

planta - plant

plastika - plastic 

plati - flat

ple - full

plika - fold, folding, wrinkle 

plu - (plural), some

plumba i - lead (metal)

plus - additional, plus

pluto - rich

pluvi - rain

po(ste) - after, behind 

poda - leg

poesi - poetry

poli - many

polica - police 

polio - gray

politika - policy, politics

pomi - apple 

ponde - heavy

ponti - bridge 

porta - door 

posi A - might (do), possible

posta - mail, postage

postula - if, suppose

potati - potato 

pote A - ability, can (do), capable 

pove - poor

pragma - matter, thing

praxi - practice 

pre - before (time), previous 

premi - price, prize

prepara A - prepare, ready

presa - press, pressure 

presidenti - president 

primitive + / no-matura - primitive 

prisma i - prism

privilegi - privilege, right (freedom)

pro - for, on behalf of 

proba - proof

probabili - probably 

problema - problem 

produce (math.) i - product

profito - profit, success 

profunda - deep, profound - 

programa - program 

projekti - project, projection, stick out

proletari i - proletariat, working class

promise - promise

propaganda i - propaganda 

proposi - proposal

proprie - (one's) own

prosa i - prose

protesta - complaint, protest

proto A - first, original

proxi - near (to)

pruni i - plum

psiko - psyche, soul

ptero - wing, flight

publika - public 

pude - disgusting, shameful

pulmona - lung

pulve - crush, powder

pulvina - cushion, mattress, pillow 

puni - punishment 

puri - clean, pure

puta - think, compute

qadra - square 

qalita - quality 

qestio (qe) - question, what?

qi - who

qo - what

ra (-ra) - thing

rabi - crazy, insane, rabid

radar + - radar

radi - root

radia - radiation, ray, spoke

radio + - radio 

raketa - rocket (self-propelled)

rami - branch 

rapi - arrest, seize

rari / no-freqe - rar

ratio i - rate, ratio

re - again

reakti V - agree to, answer, obey

recesi i - recess(ion)

reduce - reduce, shrink 

regi - king, royal

rekti - straight 

relati - relation, relationship 

religio - religion 

repara - fix (repair), repair 

resista - strength, strong

resta - remainder, stay

reti - filter, net, sieve 

ridi - laugh, ridiculous 

rigi - rigid, stiff

risko - danger, risk

ritmo + (music) - rhythm 

rosa - pink, rose

rota - wheel

ru (instrumenta) - tool for

rubi - red

rura - countryside, rural

sadi - cruel, mean (cruel)

sagita i - arrow 

saka - bag, purse, sack

sakrifice - sacrifice 

sali - salt

salmi i - salmon

salta - jump

saluta - greeting, goodbye, hello

sani - health, healthy 

sankti - holy

sapo - soap 

sapro - moldy, rot, rotten 

sardini i - sardines 

sati - enough, sufficient 

se - self, (reflexive)

sedi - seat, sit

seka - cut

sekala i - rye

sekretari - secretary 

sekunda i - second (unit of time)

semi - half

sensi - feeling, sense

sensitivi - sensitive 

seqe - consequence, following, next, result 

sera i - saw (tool)

seri - list, series

serpenti - snake 

servi - service

seti - seven

severi - serious, severe

sexu - sex

sibi - brother, sister 

sibila - whistle 

signi - insignia, sign

signifi - meaning, significance 

sika - dry

silento - silent

simia - ape, monkey 

simpli - simple 

simpto - symptom, trace

singu - each, ... a piece

sio - as if, (subjunctive)

sistema - system 

sixa - six

skala - ladder, stairs 

skapa - shoulder 

skeleto - frame, skeleton 

skema - plan, scheme

skeni - stage (of theater)

ski - skiing

ski(ence) - knowledge

skizo - split

sklero - hard

sko(la) i - learning, lesson

skope - look at, watch

skoto - dark

skuta - screen, shield

societa - partnership, society 

sofi - intelligent, smart, wise

solemni - solemn

solidi - solid

solo - alone, only

solve - solution 

soma - body

somni - sleep

soni - sound

spatula - shovel, spoon

spe - hope

speci - kind, species, type (of)

sperma - seed, sperm

spina - thorn, pricker, sticker

spira - breathing 

spiritu - spirit 

splendi - polish, reflect, shine

sporta - game, play, sports

sqalo i - shark

sta - stand

stabili - stability

stani - tin

stato - state (of USA), status

steno - narrow

sti V (stimula) - cause, stimulate, urge

stilo - pen, stylus 

stimula - cause, stimulation

sto - cease, stop

stoma - mouth

strategi - strategy 

strepto - twisted

stria - line, stripe

struktura - structure 

subito - sudden

sud(i) - south

sudo i - sweat

sue - sewing

sugo - suck

sui - pig

sukro - sugar, sweet 

suku - juice, sap

sulfuri i - sulphur 

suma - sum

supa - soup

supra - above, over

sura - certain, sure

tako - fast, speed

tali - such

tape - carpet, rug

tasa - cup

taxi - taxi

tea - tea

tegu - cover, roof

teka - box

tekno - expertise, skill, technology 

tele - far, distant 

telefono - telephone 

televisio - television 

teli i - nipple, nozzle 

tem - season, time (length of)

tema - theme

temperatura - temperature 

tena V - hold, keep

tende A - aim, goal, intend

tensio - reach (for), stretch 

tenta A - attempt, try

tenu - slender, thin

teo - god

teori - -nomy, theory

tera - land, ground, soil

terapi - therapy 

termo - heat, thermal 

testi - testify, witness 

tetra - four

textili (-te) - cloth, knit, textiles, weave

tibia i - flute

tigri - tiger

timpani - drum

tinta - ink

tintina - bell

tipo - printing, typing

tira - pull, tow

toga - coat, jacket 

tolera - patience, tolerate 

topo (to) - (exactly) at, location 

toraci - chest, thorax

toxi - poison

trans - across 

trauma - trauma 

tremulo - shake, tremble 

tri - three

tribuna - court (of law)

tristi - sad

tritika - wheat

tro - excessive, too (much)

trompa - trunk (of animal)

tropi - turn

tu - you (singular)

tubi - pipe, tube

tumo - swelling 

tuneli i - tunnel 

tunika - dress, shirt

turi - tower 

u (un) - a/an, the

ultra - beyond

umbra - shade, shadow

unda - wave

ungu - (finger)nail, claw, hoof

uniforma - uniform 

unio - united

unita - unit (of measurement)

universa - universal, universe

universita - university 

unki - hook

uno - some ( a certain)

urani - heaven, sky

urini i - urine

ursu - bear (animal)

uteri i - uterus 

uti - use

vaga - vague, wandering 

vagona - car, vehicle (on land), wagon

vaku - empty, vacuum 

vale - valley 

valu - value, worth

valuta - money

valva - valve

vani - useless, vain

vapo - steam, vapor

vasa (-va) - container, vase

vegeta - vegetable 

vekti i - lever

veli - sail, veil

vendo - sell

venti - wind

verba - word

veri - real, true

vermi - worm

versi - return, reverse, turn around 

vespera - evening 

vespi i - wasp

vesti (-ve) - clothing 

vi - you (plural)

via - road, street, way

vibra - vibrate

vice - instead of, turn (in game)

vide V - see

vigi - alert, awake, conscious 

vikto - victory

vini - wine

viole - attack, violent

violina - violin

visita - visit 

vista - sight, view

viti i - vine

vitri - glass (material)

voka - shout, voice

vokali + - vowel

volu A - want (to)

volumi - volume 

vora - eat, food

vulne - wound

vulpi i - fox

xanto - yellow 

xeno - foreign, strange

zea - corn, maize

zero (-ze) - zero

zigo - yoke

zoa - animal 

zona (-zo) - belt, ring, zone